Which lab values would be expected in menopause?

During menopause, the hormonal landscape changes significantly due to the decline of ovarian function. As the ovaries become less responsive to the gonadotropins (FSH and LH), there is a decrease in the production of estradiol, which is the principal form of estrogen. This reduction in estradiol levels results in a negative feedback loop on the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, leading to increased secretion of FSH and LH.

Consequently, in menopause, you would expect to see low estradiol levels alongside elevated levels of FSH and LH. Elevated gonadotropins are a key indicator of ovarian insufficiency; as the feedback inhibition is reduced with lower estrogen levels, the pituitary gland increases FSH and LH production in an attempt to stimulate the ovaries. This pattern of lab values is consistent across women who are in various stages of menopause, affirming the expected endocrine response to the loss of ovarian function.