Which hormone is primarily responsible for ovulation to occur?

Luteinizing hormone (LH) plays a crucial role in the process of ovulation. In the female reproductive cycle, LH is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland and is responsible for triggering the final maturation of the ovarian follicle and the release of the egg from the ovary. This surge in LH levels, which typically occurs mid-cycle, signals the ovary to release the mature egg, marking the event of ovulation.

The other hormones listed have their own important roles in the menstrual cycle but are not primarily responsible for the event of ovulation. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) promotes the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles in the early part of the cycle, while estrogen prepares the endometrium for potential implantation and is instrumental during the follicular phase. Progesterone, produced after ovulation, helps maintain the uterine lining for a possible pregnancy. However, it does not initiate ovulation itself. Thus, LH is the key hormone responsible for the process of ovulation.