What is the primary use of Clomiphene citrate in treating infertility?

Clomiphene citrate is primarily used to stimulate ovulation in patients with anovulation, which is a common cause of infertility. It acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that primarily influences the hypothalamus and pituitary gland. By blocking estrogen receptors in these areas, Clomiphene citrate tricks the body into thinking estrogen levels are low, which prompts the pituitary gland to increase the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). This surge in gonadotropins stimulates the ovaries to produce mature follicles and ovulate, thereby addressing issues of ovulatory dysfunction.

While Clomiphene can also promote follicular development and contribute to increased hormone levels as part of the ovulation process, its primary indication and role in treating infertility is directly linked to its function in inducing ovulation, particularly in women who are anovulatory due to conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).