What is the most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive age group?

The most common cause of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive age group is hormonal imbalance. This condition can arise from a variety of factors including fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels, which may be influenced by stress, significant weight changes, and lifestyle factors. In the reproductive years, regular hormonal cycles are crucial for maintaining normal menstrual patterns, and any disruption can lead to changes in menstrual bleeding.

Hormonal imbalances can manifest as heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia), irregular cycles, or even missed periods. Conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, and the perimenopause stage may lead to such imbalances. Understanding the hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle is essential in identifying the primary reason for abnormal bleeding in women of reproductive age.

While structural lesions, coagulation disorders, and infections can also contribute to abnormal bleeding, they occur less frequently as the initial cause compared to hormonal issues. Therefore, hormonal imbalance stands out as the leading factor in this demographic.