Gestational diabetes screening is typically performed during which weeks of pregnancy?

Gestational diabetes screening is typically performed between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy, aligning with the guidelines set forth by organizations such as the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). This time frame is chosen because it is during this period that the majority of cases can be identified effectively.

As pregnancy progresses, hormonal changes occur that can induce insulin resistance. Screening in this window allows for the detection of gestational diabetes before it can lead to complications for both the mother and the fetus. Additionally, early identification and management of this condition are crucial to reduce risks such as macrosomia, preeclampsia, and the need for cesarean delivery.

Performing the screening too early, such as before 24 weeks, may lead to false negatives since women may not have developed the insulin resistance that is characteristic of gestational diabetes at that stage. Screening later than 28 weeks may miss early-onset cases that require intervention. Hence, the 24 to 28-week window is optimal for both accuracy and patient outcomes.