What is the most common gynecological cancer?

Endometrial cancer is recognized as the most common gynecological cancer. This type of cancer originates from the lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium. Its prevalence is largely attributed to factors such as age, with the majority of cases occurring in postmenopausal women, as well as lifestyle factors, including obesity, hormone replacement therapy, and certain chronic health conditions.

In contrast, while ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and vulvar cancer are significant in their own rights, they do not surpass endometrial cancer in terms of incidence. Ovarian cancer tends to be diagnosed at a later stage, leading to a lower overall incidence. Cervical cancer's incidence has declined substantially due to widespread screening and vaccination efforts against the human papillomavirus (HPV). Vulvar cancer remains relatively rare compared to the other types.

Understanding the epidemiology of these cancers helps in recognizing risk factors and implementing screening strategies, particularly for endometrial cancer, which plays a crucial role in early detection and improving outcomes.